Rectum

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Other names for Rectum

rectal canal
terminal large intestine

Synopsis of Rectum

The rectum is the final section of the large intestine, measuring approximately 12 to 15 cm in length. It begins at the end of the sigmoid colon and ends at the anal canal, serving as a temporary storage site for feces before elimination. Structurally, the rectum is a muscular, expandable tube lined with mucosa and rich in blood vessels and nerves, which enable it to detect stretching and signal the urge to defecate.

The rectum plays a critical role in defecation, working alongside the anal sphincters to control bowel movements. It also absorbs small amounts of water and electrolytes and may participate in immune defense through its mucosal lining. Rectal health is essential for maintaining proper digestive elimination, continence, and comfort.

The rectum is susceptible to a number of disorders, many of which affect bowel habits, cause discomfort, or signal systemic disease:

  • Hemorrhoids: Swollen rectal veins that may cause pain, itching, bleeding, or prolapse. Often triggered by straining, constipation, or prolonged sitting.

  • Rectal prolapse: A condition where part of the rectum protrudes through the anus, typically due to weakened pelvic muscles.

  • Anal fissures: Small tears in the rectal mucosa, often caused by hard stools or trauma.

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Includes ulcerative colitis, which typically begins in the rectum and causes chronic inflammation, bleeding, and urgency.

  • Colorectal cancer: Can develop in the rectum, especially in older adults. Early signs may include rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, or a feeling of incomplete evacuation.

  • Radiation proctitis: Inflammation caused by radiation therapy to nearby organs.

Regular screening (e.g., colonoscopy), high-fiber diets, and healthy bowel habits are key to preventing rectal disorders and identifying problems early.

Natural remedies to support Rectum

High-fiber diet: Helps produce soft, regular stools and reduces straining. Include fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains.

Hydration: Drinking enough water softens stool and eases elimination.

Anti-inflammatory herbs: Slippery elm and marshmallow root soothe the rectal lining and reduce irritation.

Probiotics: Support gut flora balance, reducing inflammation and improving stool consistency.

Witch hazel and horse chestnut: Used topically or internally for hemorrhoid relief due to their astringent and circulatory effects.

Sitz baths: Warm water baths can reduce inflammation and pain related to rectal irritation.

Avoid prolonged sitting and straining: Important for preventing hemorrhoids and prolapse.

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