Vocal Cords

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Other names for Vocal Cords

vocal folds
glottic folds

Synopsis of Vocal Cords

The vocal cords are two bands of muscle and connective tissue located within the larynx (voice box) at the top of the trachea. They play a central role in voice production (phonation) by vibrating as air passes through them, generating sound. The tension, length, and position of the vocal cords are adjusted by surrounding laryngeal muscles to control pitch, volume, and tone.

The cords open during breathing, close tightly during swallowing to prevent aspiration, and partially close and vibrate during speech. The area between them is called the glottis. The surface of the cords is covered in mucosa, which must remain moist and flexible for proper function.

The health of the vocal cords is essential for speaking, breathing, and airway protection. Common issues affecting the vocal cords include:

  • Laryngitis: Inflammation of the vocal cords, usually from infection, overuse, or irritation (e.g., smoke or acid reflux).

  • Vocal nodules and polyps: Benign growths caused by repeated stress (common in singers, teachers).

  • Vocal cord paralysis: May result from nerve damage (e.g., during surgery), viral infection, or tumors.

  • Reflux laryngitis (LPR): Stomach acid reaching the throat irritates and inflames the cords.

  • Throat cancer: Malignant changes, often linked to smoking or HPV, can affect the vocal cords.

Symptoms of vocal cord dysfunction include hoarseness, voice loss, throat pain, chronic cough, difficulty swallowing, or breathing problems. Diagnosis is typically via laryngoscopy.

Natural remedies to support Vocal Cords

Hydration: Drinking plenty of water keeps vocal cord mucosa flexible and reduces irritation.

Steam inhalation: Moistens the cords and soothes inflammation.

Licorice root and slippery elm: Coat and calm mucous membranes of the larynx and throat.

Marshmallow root and aloe vera juice: Help reduce throat irritation from dryness or reflux.

Avoid yelling, throat clearing, and whispering: These strain the cords.

Dietary changes: Reducing caffeine, alcohol, and acidic foods may help if reflux is a contributor.