Duodenal Ulcers

Table of Contents

Other names

Peptic ulcer (duodenal type)
Ulcer of the duodenum
Duodenitis with ulceration

Synopsis

Duodenal ulcers are open sores that develop on the inner lining of the duodenum—the first portion of the small intestine just beyond the stomach. They are a type of peptic ulcer disease, distinguished from gastric ulcers by their location. The most common causes are infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and aspirin, which disrupt the protective mucosal barrier of the duodenum.

Symptoms often include burning or gnawing abdominal pain (especially when the stomach is empty), bloating, nausea, vomiting, and, in severe cases, black or bloody stools due to gastrointestinal bleeding. The pain typically improves with food or antacids, which temporarily neutralize stomach acid. While lifestyle factors like smoking, alcohol use, and high stress can exacerbate the condition, they are not direct causes.

If left untreated, duodenal ulcers can lead to serious complications such as perforation (a hole in the intestinal wall), hemorrhage, or gastric outlet obstruction. Diagnosis is confirmed through endoscopy and testing for H. pylori. Treatment usually involves antibiotics (for H. pylori), acid-suppressing medications (like proton pump inhibitors), and lifestyle changes.

When to see a doctor:
Seek medical care if you experience persistent abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss, vomiting, black stools, or any signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. Prompt treatment can prevent complications and promote healing.

Natural Remedies

Cabbage Juice: Contains glutamine and other compounds believed to promote mucosal healing and reduce inflammation in the GI tract.

Avoid Irritants: Eliminate alcohol, caffeine, NSAIDs, and spicy foods, which can irritate the ulcer and slow healing.

Small, Frequent Meals: Helps neutralize stomach acid and avoid triggering pain from an empty stomach.

Probiotics: Help rebalance gut flora, especially beneficial if H. pylori is present.

Stress Management: Yoga, meditation, or deep breathing can reduce stress, which may worsen symptoms.