Fibromyalgia Syndrome

Table of Contents

Other names

Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS)
Chronic widespread pain syndrome
Central sensitivity syndrome

Synopsis

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic neurological condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, tender points, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive difficulties often described as “fibro fog.” It affects an estimated 2–4% of the population, with women being diagnosed far more often than men.

The exact cause of fibromyalgia remains unclear, but it is considered a central nervous system disorder involving abnormal pain processing, increased pain sensitivity, and neurochemical imbalances—particularly of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. It often develops after physical trauma, infection, psychological stress, or another illness. Genetics and environmental factors also play a role.

Common symptoms include:

  • Chronic, widespread body pain

  • Fatigue and non-restorative sleep

  • Memory issues and mental fog

  • Headaches

  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

  • Depression or anxiety

  • Sensitivity to noise, lights, or temperature

Fibromyalgia is a diagnosis of exclusion, meaning other conditions (such as hypothyroidism, lupus, or rheumatoid arthritis) must be ruled out first. There is no cure, but symptom management through lifestyle changes, therapy, and targeted supplementation can dramatically improve quality of life.

When to see a doctor:
Consult a healthcare provider if you experience persistent, unexplained body pain, cognitive impairment, or fatigue that interferes with daily life and has lasted more than 3 months.

Natural Remedies

Establish a Sleep Routine: Prioritize deep, consistent sleep to improve fatigue and pain sensitivity.

Gentle Exercise: Activities like walking, stretching, yoga, or water aerobics reduce stiffness and enhance mood.

Mind-Body Practices: Meditation, tai chi, and breathing techniques lower stress and pain perception.

Anti-Inflammatory Diet: Avoid processed foods, sugar, and gluten; increase intake of vegetables, healthy fats, and antioxidants.

Heat Therapy: Warm baths, heating pads, or sauna use ease muscle tension and pain.