Glaucoma

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Table of Contents

Other names for Glaucoma

Closed-angle glaucoma
Ocular hypertension
Open-angle glaucoma
Optic nerve degeneration

Synopsis of Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of eye disorders that cause progressive damage to the optic nerve, usually due to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). It is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. The condition often develops silently, without noticeable symptoms until significant vision loss has occurred—making early detection critical.

There are two main types:

  • Primary open-angle glaucoma: The most common form. Drainage canals become less efficient over time, increasing pressure.

  • Angle-closure (narrow-angle) glaucoma: Less common but more urgent. It occurs when the iris blocks drainage suddenly, causing a rapid pressure increase.

Other forms include normal-tension glaucoma, congenital glaucoma, and secondary glaucoma (due to trauma, steroids, or other conditions).

Common risk factors:

  • Age over 60

  • Family history of glaucoma

  • High eye pressure

  • Diabetes or high blood pressure

  • Thin corneas

  • Long-term corticosteroid use

  • African, Asian, or Hispanic ancestry

Symptoms may include loss of peripheral vision, eye pain, blurred vision, halos around lights, or redness (especially in acute forms), but most cases progress quietly.

When to see a doctor:
Anyone over 40 or with risk factors should get regular eye exams with IOP measurement. Sudden vision loss, severe eye pain, or halos around lights are medical emergencies and may indicate acute angle-closure glaucoma.

Natural remedies for Glaucoma

Limit Caffeine and Alcohol: Both can temporarily raise eye pressure.

Engage in Regular Light Exercise: May help reduce intraocular pressure.

Practice Eye-Friendly Habits: Avoid straining, take screen breaks, and manage systemic health (e.g., blood sugar, blood pressure).

Stay Hydrated, But Avoid Large Volumes at Once: Drink small amounts of water throughout the day.

Elevate the Head During Sleep: Slightly raising the head may reduce nighttime eye pressure.

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