Mastitis

Table of Contents

Other names

Breast infection
Inflammation of the breast
Lactational mastitis
Non-lactational mastitis

Synopsis

Mastitis is an inflammation of the breast tissue, most commonly caused by bacterial infection. It typically occurs in breastfeeding women (lactational mastitis) but can also affect non-lactating individuals (non-lactational mastitis). The condition leads to pain, swelling, warmth, redness, and sometimes fever and flu-like symptoms. If left untreated, it can progress to a breast abscess.

Causes of mastitis include:

  • Milk stasis: Incomplete emptying of the breast

  • Blocked milk ducts

  • Cracked or damaged nipples: Allow bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus) to enter

  • Poor latching or irregular feeding schedules

  • Tight bras or pressure on the breast

Common symptoms:

  • Localized breast pain or tenderness

  • Swelling and redness (often wedge-shaped)

  • Warmth in the affected area

  • Fever, chills, or fatigue

  • Hard lump or engorgement

When to see a doctor:
Medical attention is recommended if symptoms worsen or persist beyond 24–48 hours, or if high fever, pus, or severe pain occurs. Diagnosis is clinical; antibiotics are often prescribed, especially in infectious cases.

Natural Remedies

Continue Breastfeeding or Pumping: Helps drain the breast and relieve pressure.

Apply Warm Compresses Before Nursing: Encourages milk flow and eases discomfort.

Use Cold Packs After Feeding: Reduces inflammation and swelling.

Massage the Breast Gently: Especially in the direction of milk flow to clear blockages.

Rest and Stay Hydrated: Supports immune response and recovery.