Meningitis

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Other names for Meningitis

Inflammation of the meninges
Bacterial meningitis
Viral meningitis
Spinal meningitis

Synopsis of Meningitis

Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It is a medical emergency, particularly when caused by bacterial infection, as it can lead to brain damage, seizures, or death if not treated promptly. Meningitis can also result from viruses, fungi, parasites, or non-infectious triggers like cancer, lupus, or certain medications.

Types of meningitis:

  • Bacterial meningitis: Fast-acting and life-threatening; caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, or Haemophilus influenzae

  • Viral meningitis: More common and typically less severe; often caused by enteroviruses

  • Fungal meningitis: Rare; affects immunocompromised individuals

  • Non-infectious meningitis: From injury, autoimmune disease, or drug reactions

Common symptoms (can vary by age):

  • Sudden high fever

  • Severe headache

  • Stiff neck

  • Nausea or vomiting

  • Sensitivity to light (photophobia)

  • Confusion or difficulty concentrating

  • Seizures

  • Sleepiness or difficulty waking

  • In infants: bulging fontanelle, poor feeding, irritability

When to see a doctor:
Seek immediate emergency care if meningitis is suspected—especially with fever, neck stiffness, and altered mental state. Diagnosis is confirmed with a lumbar puncture (spinal tap), blood tests, and imaging. Treatment depends on the cause and may involve IV antibiotics, antivirals, or corticosteroids.

Natural remedies for Meningitis

Stay Hydrated: Fluids help manage fever and support recovery.

Use Cold Compresses for Fever Relief: Helps reduce body temperature.

Rest in a Dark, Quiet Room: Reduces sensory overload from light and noise.

Maintain a Healthy Immune System: Through nutrition and rest during recovery.

Preventive Vaccines: Such as meningococcal, pneumococcal, and Hib vaccines.