Scabies

Table of Contents

Other names

Sarcoptic mange
Mite infestation
Contagious skin parasite

Synopsis

Scabies is a highly contagious skin condition caused by the microscopic mite Sarcoptes scabiei, which burrows into the upper layers of the skin to lay eggs. This leads to intense itching, especially at night, and a pimple-like rash often found in skin folds such as between the fingers, wrists, elbows, waistline, and genitals. Scabies spreads through prolonged skin-to-skin contact or sharing personal items like bedding or clothing. While not dangerous, scabies can become severely uncomfortable and lead to skin infections if left untreated. Entire households or close contacts often require treatment to prevent reinfestation.

Types:

  • Classic scabies: Itchy rash with visible burrows and papules

  • Nodular scabies: Firm, itchy nodules typically in the groin or armpits

  • Crusted (Norwegian) scabies: Severe form with thick crusts of mites, usually in immunocompromised individuals

  • Infant scabies: May affect scalp, face, palms, and soles (unusual areas for adults)

Common Causes:

  • Close physical contact with an infected person

  • Sharing bedding, towels, or clothing

  • Crowded living conditions (nursing homes, prisons, dormitories)

  • Poor hygiene not required but may increase risk in group settings

Severity Causes:

  • Delayed diagnosis and ongoing skin contact

  • Repeated scratching leading to bacterial skin infections

  • Compromised immune system (increases risk of crusted scabies)

  • Inadequate or incomplete treatment (e.g., not treating close contacts)

When to See a Doctor:

  • Intense itching that worsens at night

  • Rash with tiny burrows or blisters between fingers, wrists, or genitals

  • Symptoms in multiple family members at once

  • Persistent rash despite over-the-counter treatments

  • Skin sores, crusts, or signs of infection

Natural Remedies

Tea tree oil: Contains natural acaricidal (mite-killing) properties and antimicrobial effects. Diluted applications may help relieve itching and reduce mite load, but should not replace medical treatment.

Neem oil: Traditional remedy with antifungal and antiparasitic effects. Can soothe itching and support skin healing when applied topically.

Aloe vera: Soothes irritation and helps calm inflammation from scratching and mite bites. Use pure gel without additives for best results.

Turmeric: Acts as an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent when used topically as a paste or taken internally. May assist in reducing itching and infection risk.

Clove oil: Shown in some studies to kill Sarcoptes scabiei mites. Must be used with caution and heavily diluted to prevent skin irritation.

Bentonite clay: Can be applied as a paste to draw out toxins, soothe the skin, and support healing after scratching.

Proper hygiene and laundry: Wash all clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water and dry on high heat. Items that can’t be washed should be sealed in plastic bags for 72 hours.

Avoid scratching: Keeping nails short and using topical soothers helps prevent skin infections and further irritation.