Sciatica

Table of Contents

Other names

Sciatic nerve pain
Lumbar radiculopathy
Nerve root compression

Synopsis

Sciatica is a condition characterized by pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, which branches from the lower back through the hips and buttocks and down each leg. It’s usually caused by compression or irritation of one or more spinal nerve roots in the lower back, most commonly from a herniated disc, spinal stenosis, or degenerative disc disease. The pain can vary from mild to severe and is often accompanied by numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected leg. Although sciatica can resolve with conservative care, some cases may require medical or surgical intervention.

Types:

  • Acute sciatica: Sudden onset, typically resolves within a few weeks

  • Chronic sciatica: Lasts more than 3 months, often due to underlying structural issues

  • Bilateral sciatica: Affects both legs (less common, possibly more serious)

  • Alternating sciatica: Pain that switches sides (may indicate sacroiliac dysfunction)

Common Causes:

  • Herniated lumbar disc pressing on nerve roots

  • Degenerative disc disease

  • Lumbar spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal)

  • Spondylolisthesis (slipped vertebra)

  • Piriformis syndrome (muscle compressing the sciatic nerve)

  • Pregnancy-related postural shifts

Severity Causes:

  • High levels of inflammation around nerve roots

  • Prolonged nerve compression leading to damage

  • Sedentary lifestyle or poor posture

  • Excess body weight increasing spinal stress

  • Repetitive strain or improper lifting techniques

When to See a Doctor:

  • Severe or disabling leg pain that persists beyond a few days

  • Numbness or weakness in the leg or foot

  • Loss of bowel or bladder control (emergency: cauda equina syndrome)

  • Pain worsens despite rest and home care

  • Recurrent flare-ups affecting mobility

Natural Remedies

Magnesium: Relaxes muscles and reduces nerve irritability. Helps ease cramping and nerve-related discomfort in the lower back and legs.

Turmeric: Contains curcumin, a powerful anti-inflammatory compound that reduces swelling around compressed nerves and eases pain.

Omega-3 fatty acids: Help decrease inflammation in the spine and surrounding soft tissues, supporting long-term nerve and joint health.

Devil’s claw: Traditionally used for back and joint pain. May provide natural relief for inflammatory sciatica symptoms.

Heat and cold therapy: Apply ice for 15–20 minutes during flare-ups to reduce inflammation, and use heat to relax tight muscles and improve circulation.

Gentle stretching: Focused exercises like knee-to-chest or piriformis stretches relieve pressure on the sciatic nerve.

Postural support: Use ergonomic chairs and lumbar cushions to maintain spinal alignment and prevent further compression.

Probiotics: Support gut and immune health, which may indirectly reduce systemic inflammation that aggravates nerve pain.