Seborrhea
Synopsis
Seborrhea, or seborrheic dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that primarily affects areas with a high density of sebaceous (oil) glands, such as the scalp, face, chest, and upper back. It causes red, greasy skin with yellowish scales or dandruff. While its exact cause is not fully understood, seborrhea is believed to involve a combination of overactive sebaceous glands, an overgrowth of Malassezia yeast on the skin, and immune sensitivity. Flare-ups are common during periods of stress, hormonal changes, cold weather, or immune suppression. Though not contagious or dangerous, seborrhea can be persistent and uncomfortable without proper care.
Types:
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Scalp seborrhea: Appears as oily dandruff or thick scaling (can progress to cradle cap in infants)
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Facial seborrhea: Common around the nose, eyebrows, eyelids, and ears
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Trunk seborrhea: Affects chest, back, or underarms with reddish, flaky patches
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Cradle cap (infantile seborrhea): Greasy scaling on the scalp of infants
Common Causes:
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Overproduction of skin oils
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Proliferation of Malassezia yeast
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Cold, dry weather
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Hormonal imbalances (e.g., puberty, menopause)
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Neurological conditions (e.g., Parkinson’s disease)
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Immune suppression (e.g., HIV/AIDS)
Severity Causes:
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Lack of treatment leading to chronic inflammation
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Coexisting conditions like rosacea or psoriasis
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Harsh skincare products irritating sensitive areas
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Poor hygiene or infrequent shampooing
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Nutrient deficiencies (e.g., zinc, B vitamins)
When to See a Doctor:
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Persistent dandruff or greasy patches that don’t respond to over-the-counter treatments
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Itching, burning, or redness interfering with daily life
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Skin lesions that ooze, crust, or become infected
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Associated hair loss or emotional distress
Natural Remedies
Tea tree oil: Natural antifungal that helps control Malassezia yeast on the scalp and skin. Use diluted in shampoos or oils to reduce scaling and itching.
Aloe vera: Soothes inflammation and helps calm red, irritated skin. Can be applied to the scalp or face for gentle hydration and relief.
Apple cider vinegar: Balances scalp pH and inhibits fungal overgrowth. A diluted rinse can help reduce dandruff and restore skin clarity.
Omega-3 fatty acids: Help reduce skin inflammation and regulate oil production. Useful for systemic support in chronic cases.
Zinc: Regulates sebum production and has antifungal properties. Often found in medicated shampoos and effective as an oral supplement.
Vitamin B6 and B2: Support skin health and may reduce seborrheic flares. Deficiencies are associated with increased risk of dermatitis.
Probiotics: Support gut-immune balance, which can reduce inflammation and yeast overgrowth contributing to seborrhea.
Gentle cleansing routine: Use fragrance-free, non-irritating cleansers and avoid harsh scrubbing that can worsen inflammation.