Skin (infections)
Synopsis
Skin infections occur when bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites invade the skin's protective barrier, leading to redness, swelling, pain, warmth, discharge, or lesions. They range in severity from mild (like impetigo or athlete's foot) to life-threatening (like cellulitis or necrotizing fasciitis). Bacterial infections such as Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes are common, especially in cuts or abrasions. Fungal infections thrive in moist areas like feet, groin, or under skin folds, while viral infections include warts and herpes simplex. Prompt identification and treatment are key to preventing spread and deeper tissue involvement.
Types:
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Bacterial: Impetigo, folliculitis, cellulitis, boils
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Fungal: Athlete’s foot, ringworm, candidiasis
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Viral: Herpes simplex, warts, molluscum contagiosum
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Parasitic: Scabies, lice, cutaneous larva migrans
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Mixed infections: Secondary infection over preexisting skin conditions (e.g., eczema, psoriasis)
Common Causes:
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Cuts, scrapes, or insect bites
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Poor hygiene or excessive moisture
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Weakened immune system
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Sharing personal items (e.g., razors, towels)
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Contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces
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Chronic skin conditions that disrupt barrier integrity
Severity Causes:
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Delay in wound cleansing or treatment
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Poor circulation or diabetes (impairs healing)
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Antibiotic resistance (e.g., MRSA)
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Underlying immune suppression (HIV, cancer treatment)
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Repeated trauma or scratching to infected area
When to See a Doctor:
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Spreading redness, swelling, or heat
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Pus, crusting, or yellow discharge
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Fever or chills with skin symptoms
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Painful lesions or rapidly enlarging rash
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Infection not improving with basic care in 2–3 days
Natural Remedies
Tea tree oil: Broad-spectrum antimicrobial effective against bacteria, fungi, and some viruses. Use diluted to reduce risk of irritation on open skin.
Aloe vera: Soothes inflammation and promotes healing. Useful as a carrier for antimicrobial agents and for reducing pain and redness.
Turmeric: Contains curcumin, a natural antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent. May be applied as a paste or taken internally to support immune defense.
Garlic (ajoene compound): Has antiviral, antifungal, and antibacterial effects. Topical garlic extracts have been shown to combat skin pathogens.
Apple cider vinegar: Has natural antibacterial and antifungal properties. Can be diluted and used as a gentle wash for minor infections or foot fungus.
Probiotics: Support systemic immunity and skin barrier function, reducing susceptibility to recurrent skin infections, especially in those with eczema or frequent antibiotic use.
Zinc: Vital for immune response and skin repair. Topical zinc oxide or oral zinc can help shorten the duration of infections and speed healing.
Proper wound care: Keep the area clean, dry, and covered if needed. Avoid picking or scratching to prevent spreading or worsening the infection.