Teething
Synopsis
Teething is the natural process in which an infant’s primary (baby) teeth break through the gums, typically starting between 4 and 7 months of age. This developmental milestone can cause localized pain, irritability, drooling, swollen gums, and changes in eating or sleeping habits. While teething is not an illness, it may temporarily weaken a child’s immune response, making them more susceptible to minor infections or fevers. The discomfort varies from child to child and is usually most intense just before the tooth breaks through the gum. Though normal, it can be distressing for both child and caregiver.
Types:
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Early teething: Occurs before 4 months (less common but still normal)
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Typical teething: Starts between 4–7 months, continues into toddler years
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Delayed teething: Teeth appear after 12 months, may be genetic or health-related
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Eruption cysts: Fluid-filled bumps over emerging teeth, usually harmless
Common Causes (Triggers of Discomfort):
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Tooth pressure against the gum surface
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Local inflammation during eruption
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Increased oral sensitivity
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Constant chewing or rubbing from toys or fingers
Severity Causes:
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Multiple teeth erupting simultaneously
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Tight or swollen gum tissue
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Coexisting infection or poor sleep
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Lack of relief or improper teething care
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Use of inappropriate remedies (e.g., numbing gels or unsafe teething tablets)
When to See a Doctor:
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High fever (over 101°F), diarrhea, or persistent vomiting
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Rash or signs of allergic reaction
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Refusal to eat or drink for more than a day
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Excessive crying or gum bleeding
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Delayed tooth eruption beyond 15 months
Natural Remedies
Chamomile: Traditionally used to calm irritability and reduce gum inflammation. Can be offered as a weak tea or used in homeopathic remedies.
Clove oil (diluted): Has natural numbing and antimicrobial properties. Apply a very diluted amount with a cotton swab to sore gums (only under guidance).
Cold washcloth or teething rings: Gently numbs the gums and reduces inflammation. Refrigerated (not frozen) options are safest.
Probiotics: May help reduce inflammation and support immune balance during teething, especially if digestive changes or mild fever are present.
Massage: Clean hands or soft gum massagers help apply gentle pressure and soothe erupting teeth.
Distraction and cuddling: Physical comfort, extra holding, and calm activities can ease the irritability associated with teething.
Hydration: Increased drooling can lead to mild dehydration. Offer water if age-appropriate or frequent breast/formula feeding.