Ulcerations (external)
Synopsis
External ulcerations are open sores or lesions on the skin or mucous membranes that fail to heal properly and may involve tissue breakdown. They often result from poor circulation, pressure, infection, trauma, or underlying systemic conditions such as diabetes or autoimmune disease. These ulcers vary in depth, severity, and cause, and can become chronic without proper treatment. Symptoms include pain, redness, swelling, pus, and tissue sloughing. Because they expose the body to potential infections, timely care is critical to prevent complications like cellulitis or even systemic infection.
Types:
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Pressure ulcers (bedsores): Result from prolonged pressure on the skin
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Venous ulcers: Caused by poor blood return in the legs, often around the ankles
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Arterial ulcers: Due to lack of oxygenated blood flow, often painful and located on feet or toes
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Diabetic ulcers: Often develop on the feet due to poor circulation and nerve damage
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Traumatic or infectious ulcers: Result from injury, burns, or infected wounds
Common Causes:
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Poor circulation (arterial or venous insufficiency)
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Diabetes or neuropathy
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Repetitive pressure or friction
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Unhealed wounds or injuries
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Immune dysfunction or infection
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Nutritional deficiencies (e.g., protein, vitamin C, zinc)
Severity Causes:
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Inadequate wound care or hygiene
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Infection (bacterial, fungal, or viral)
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Poor glycemic control in diabetics
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Autoimmune disorders (e.g., vasculitis, lupus)
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Delayed medical attention or re-injury
When to See a Doctor:
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Ulcer does not begin to heal within 1–2 weeks
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Increased pain, swelling, pus, or bad odor
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Blackened or necrotic tissue around the sore
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Fever or signs of spreading infection
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Recurrent ulcers or those in high-pressure areas (e.g., heels, sacrum)
Natural Remedies
Aloe vera: Soothes the skin, reduces inflammation, and promotes wound healing when applied topically to clean ulcers.
Vitamin C: Vital for collagen synthesis and tissue repair. Supplementation supports immune defense and accelerates skin regeneration.
Zinc: Essential for wound healing, inflammation control, and immune response. Topical and oral zinc can improve chronic ulcer outcomes.
Magnesium: Supports healthy tissue function and circulation. May aid healing in combination with other nutrients.
Probiotics: Help manage skin inflammation and infection risk from the inside out, especially when ulcers are associated with systemic issues.
Proper wound hygiene: Cleanse gently with saline, apply antimicrobial dressings, and keep the area moist and protected.
Avoid pressure or friction: Use cushioning, elevation, and rotation (in bedbound individuals) to prevent worsening.
Nutritional support: A diet rich in protein, antioxidants, and micronutrients enhances the body’s ability to regenerate damaged skin.