Vaginitis

Table of Contents

Other names

Vaginal inflammation
Infectious or non-infectious vaginitis
Irritated vaginal tissue

Synopsis

Vaginitis is the inflammation of the vaginal lining, often caused by infection, hormonal changes, or chemical irritants. It leads to symptoms such as vaginal itching, burning, abnormal discharge, odor, and discomfort during urination or intercourse. Common types include bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections (candidiasis), and trichomoniasis, although non-infectious forms can result from allergic reactions or hormonal shifts (e.g., menopause). While typically treatable, chronic or recurrent cases can significantly impact comfort, sexual health, and urinary function. Identifying the type and cause of vaginitis is essential for appropriate treatment and long-term resolution.

Types:

  • Bacterial vaginosis (BV): Caused by imbalance in vaginal bacteria, often with thin gray discharge and fishy odor

  • Yeast infection (candidiasis): Caused by Candida albicans with thick, white discharge and intense itching

  • Trichomoniasis: Sexually transmitted infection with frothy, green-yellow discharge and strong odor

  • Atrophic vaginitis: From estrogen decline during menopause; causes dryness and irritation

  • Allergic/irritant vaginitis: Triggered by hygiene products, lubricants, detergents, or synthetic fabrics

Common Causes:

  • Disruption of vaginal flora (from antibiotics, douching, or hormonal changes)

  • Unprotected sex or new sexual partners

  • Tight or non-breathable clothing

  • Hormonal shifts (pregnancy, menopause, birth control use)

  • Chemical irritants (e.g., soaps, spermicides, scented products)

  • Poor hygiene or improper wiping

Severity Causes:

  • Untreated or recurrent infections

  • Weakened immune system

  • Hormonal deficiency (especially postmenopausal)

  • Co-infections (e.g., UTI or STI)

  • Chronic exposure to irritants or allergens

When to See a Doctor:

  • Foul-smelling, discolored, or unusual discharge

  • Itching, burning, or soreness lasting more than a few days

  • Painful urination or intercourse

  • Fever or pelvic pain (possible upper tract infection)

  • Symptoms that recur frequently or worsen with self-treatment

Natural Remedies

Aloe vera: Soothes irritated tissue and helps reduce vaginal inflammation. Can be used externally or in vaginal-safe topical formulations.

Probiotics: Restore and maintain healthy vaginal flora, especially Lactobacillus species, which protect against yeast and bacterial overgrowth.

Vitamin C: Strengthens mucosal immunity and may help regulate pH levels. Some vaginal vitamin C suppositories are used to prevent BV recurrence.

Magnesium: Supports hormonal balance and reduces tissue tension or discomfort during inflammation or hormonal shifts.

Zinc: Promotes tissue healing and immune function. Helpful for recurrent infections or sensitivity-related vaginitis.

Avoid triggers: Discontinue use of perfumed soaps, harsh detergents, douches, and synthetic underwear to allow healing and reduce irritation.

Warm sitz baths: Provide short-term relief from itching and burning, especially in yeast-related or irritant vaginitis.

Hydration and anti-inflammatory diet: Support immune resilience and tissue health from the inside out.