Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) (methylsulfonylmethane)

Table of Contents

Other names

MSM
Dimethylsulfone
Organic Sulfur Compound

Synopsis

Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a naturally occurring organosulfur compound made up of sulfur, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, with the chemical formula (CH₃)₂SO₂. It is found in small amounts in some fruits, vegetables, grains, and animal products, but most supplemental MSM is synthesized from dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). MSM is best known for its roles in reducing inflammation, supporting joint health, and enhancing tissue repair.

MSM serves as a bioavailable source of sulfur, an essential element involved in the formation of collagen, keratin, and glutathione. These compounds are crucial for maintaining healthy skin, hair, nails, joints, and detoxification pathways. By donating sulfur groups, MSM supports cell membrane flexibility, antioxidant activity, and connective tissue integrity.

MSM is widely used in natural medicine and sports nutrition for the management of osteoarthritis, muscle soreness, tendonitis, and exercise-induced inflammation. Clinical studies show that MSM supplementation may significantly reduce joint pain and stiffness, improve physical function, and promote recovery after intense exercise. Its anti-inflammatory effects are attributed to the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulation of NF-κB signaling pathways.

Topically, MSM is used in creams and gels to relieve muscle and joint pain, often in combination with other agents like arnica, menthol, or glucosamine. Orally, it is available in capsules, powders, and combination formulas targeting mobility, skin health, and detoxification.

Additional applications include allergy support, immune modulation, gut repair, and skin conditions such as rosacea or eczema, although evidence is more preliminary in these areas.

Historical Use
While sulfur-rich foods and minerals have long been used in traditional medicine for skin and joint health, MSM itself is a relatively modern compound, derived from research into DMSO, a chemical solvent and anti-inflammatory agent studied extensively in the mid-20th century.

In the 1950s and 1960s, researchers including Dr. Stanley Jacob at Oregon Health & Science University explored the medicinal properties of DMSO and its less volatile, more tolerable metabolite—MSM. MSM was found to retain many of DMSO’s anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects without the strong odor or solvent-like characteristics, leading to its development as a dietary supplement.

Though not recognized as an essential nutrient, MSM has gained popularity since the 1990s as a natural joint support compound, often used alongside glucosamine and chondroitin. Its role in sulfur metabolism links it to many traditional remedies based on sulfur-rich muds, hot springs, and herbs, which were used to treat arthritis, skin disease, and detoxification across cultures.

Today, MSM is a mainstay of integrative approaches to joint and connective tissue health, valued for its low toxicity, broad anti-inflammatory benefits, and supportive role in collagen synthesis, repair, and regeneration.

Uses: Health Conditions

Arthritis (Scientific)
Bursitis (Traditional)
Cartilage Damage (Scientific)
Fibromyalgia Syndrome (Scientific)
Inflammation (Scientific)
Pain (general remedies for) (Scientific)
Rheumatoid Arthritis (Scientific)
Sprains (Scientific)
Wounds and Sores (Scientific)

Body Systems

Hair (Scientific)
Immune System (Scientific)
Muscles (Scientific)
Skin (Scientific)
Structural System (Scientific)
Joints (Scientific)