Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Alpha-pinene is a naturally occurring monoterpene found in essential oils from pine trees and other plants. There is emerging scientific evidence that suggests alpha-pinene possesses antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, which are relevant to the pathogenesis of acne. Acne vulgaris is primarily associated with inflammation and the proliferation of Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes). Several in vitro studies have demonstrated that alpha-pinene can inhibit the growth of acne-related bacteria and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines in cultured skin cells. However, most of these studies are preclinical, and there are few, if any, robust human clinical trials specifically evaluating alpha-pinene’s efficacy in treating or preventing acne.

Traditionally, remedies containing pine extracts have been used for various skin conditions, but the direct application of alpha-pinene for acne management is a relatively recent area of investigation, driven more by interest in the antimicrobial potential of plant terpenes than by longstanding folk medicine. While initial laboratory results are promising and justify further exploration, the current level of clinical evidence is limited. As such, the scientific rationale for using alpha-pinene as a supportive ingredient in acne treatment is plausible but not yet strongly validated, earning a moderate evidence rating of 2 out of 5.

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