Evidence supporting the use of: Fatty acids
For the health condition: Acne

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Fatty acids, particularly omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, have been investigated for their role in managing acne. Scientific evidence suggests that these fatty acids may help reduce inflammation, a key factor in acne pathogenesis. Omega-3 fatty acids (such as EPA and DHA found in fish oil) can lower the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decrease the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), both of which are implicated in acne development. Several clinical studies have reported modest improvements in acne severity with omega-3 supplementation. For example, a randomized controlled trial published in 2012 found that participants with mild to moderate acne experienced significant reductions in inflammatory lesions after 10 weeks of omega-3 supplementation compared to placebo. However, the number of high-quality trials remains limited, and not all studies have shown consistent benefits.

Topically, certain fatty acids such as linoleic acid have also demonstrated benefits. Studies have shown that the skin surface of individuals with acne tends to be deficient in linoleic acid, and topical application can help restore skin barrier function and reduce microcomedone formation. While these findings are promising, the overall evidence base is moderate and more large-scale, well-controlled studies are needed to firmly establish efficacy and optimal use guidelines for fatty acids in acne treatment.

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