Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin A (retinol acetate)
For the health condition: Acne

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Vitamin A (particularly in the form of retinoids, such as retinol acetate and its derivatives) is scientifically validated as an effective treatment for acne. Retinoids—vitamin A derivatives—are widely used both topically and systemically (e.g., isotretinoin) in dermatology to manage acne vulgaris. Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated that retinoids help normalize the desquamation of follicular epithelial cells, reduce the formation of comedones, decrease inflammation, and limit the proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes (now Cutibacterium acnes), the bacteria associated with acne.

Topical retinoids, such as tretinoin, adapalene, and tazarotene, have been shown in randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews to significantly improve both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne lesions. Oral isotretinoin, a vitamin A derivative, is reserved for severe or refractory cases and is highly effective, often leading to long-term remission. Retinol acetate itself is less potent than prescription retinoids but is sometimes included in over-the-counter formulations for mild acne, and its efficacy is supported by its established mechanism of promoting cell turnover and preventing follicular plugging.

The use of vitamin A and its derivatives for acne is endorsed by major dermatological guidelines, including the American Academy of Dermatology, based on decades of research. However, caution is warranted due to potential side effects, especially with systemic use, such as teratogenicity and mucocutaneous symptoms. Overall, the evidence base for vitamin A derivatives in acne treatment is robust and well-established.

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