Evidence supporting the use of: Cannabis
For the health condition: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Cannabis has been used as an adjunct therapy in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), primarily to manage symptoms associated with the disease and its treatments, rather than to treat the underlying viral infection. Scientific evidence supports its use in alleviating specific symptoms such as cachexia (wasting syndrome), loss of appetite, and nausea—symptoms that are common in AIDS patients, especially those undergoing antiretroviral therapy. Clinical trials, including randomized controlled studies, have shown that cannabinoids (such as dronabinol, a synthetic form of THC) can increase appetite and promote weight gain in individuals with HIV/AIDS. The Institute of Medicine (1999) and subsequent reviews have recognized moderate-quality evidence for cannabis or cannabinoid use in improving appetite and reducing nausea in this patient population. Some small studies have also suggested benefits in alleviating neuropathic pain associated with HIV. However, evidence for improvement in other AIDS-related symptoms or disease progression is lacking, and concerns remain regarding potential side effects and drug interactions. Overall, while cannabis is not a primary treatment for AIDS itself, there is moderate scientific validation for its use in symptom management, particularly for appetite stimulation and relief of nausea, with clinical guidelines in some regions permitting its medical use under supervision for these purposes.

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