Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Phytocannabinoids, such as cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), have been investigated for their potential role in supporting or treating drug addiction. The scientific evidence is still emerging and considered preliminary, but some studies suggest possible benefits. Preclinical research and early-phase clinical trials have indicated that CBD, in particular, may help reduce cravings and anxiety associated with substance use disorders, including opioid, cocaine, and tobacco addictions. The proposed mechanisms involve the modulation of the endocannabinoid system, which plays a role in reward, stress, and emotional regulation pathways implicated in addiction. A 2019 randomized controlled trial found that CBD reduced cue-induced cravings and anxiety in individuals with heroin use disorder. Other small studies and animal models have shown that cannabinoids might modulate withdrawal symptoms and relapse behaviors. However, these studies often have small sample sizes, short durations, and methodological limitations. There is also ongoing debate about the risk of replacing one addictive substance with another, particularly regarding THC-containing products. Overall, while there is some scientific rationale and early evidence supporting the use of phytocannabinoids for addiction, robust clinical validation is lacking. Larger, well-designed trials are needed before phytocannabinoids can be considered an evidence-based treatment for substance use disorders. Current support for their use is primarily based on preliminary scientific findings rather than traditional use or strong clinical consensus.

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