Evidence supporting the use of: N-acetylcysteine
For the health condition: Addictions (sugar or refined carbohydrates)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has attracted scientific interest for its potential role in supporting addiction recovery, including behavioral addictions like those involving sugar or refined carbohydrates. NAC is an amino acid derivative that replenishes glutathione and modulates glutamatergic neurotransmission, both of which are implicated in reward pathways and addictive behaviors. Preclinical studies and some small clinical trials have demonstrated that NAC can reduce cravings and compulsive behaviors in substance use disorders (such as cocaine and nicotine dependence) and some behavioral addictions (e.g., gambling). Regarding sugar or refined carbohydrate addiction specifically, the evidence is limited. A few small pilot studies and animal studies suggest that NAC may reduce binge eating or cravings for highly palatable foods, possibly by normalizing glutamate signaling in the nucleus accumbens, a brain region involved in reward. However, robust, large-scale clinical trials in humans with sugar or refined carbohydrate addiction are lacking. Most available data are extrapolated from research on other addictive disorders and generalized eating behaviors. In summary, while there is some scientific rationale and preliminary evidence to support NAC’s use for sugar or refined carbohydrate addiction, the quality and quantity of evidence are still modest. More rigorous clinical trials are required before NAC can be confidently recommended for this specific indication.

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