Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Glycyrrhetinic acid is a bioactive compound derived from glycyrrhizin in licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra). Its use to support the adrenal glands is based on its ability to inhibit the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2), which normally inactivates cortisol. By inhibiting 11β-HSD2, glycyrrhetinic acid increases local and systemic levels of active cortisol. This mechanism can mimic the physiological effects of mineralocorticoids, leading to sodium retention and potassium loss, and is the scientific basis for its adrenal-modulating properties.

Several studies and reviews have documented these effects, noting that glycyrrhetinic acid can prolong cortisol’s activity in the body. Historically, licorice root has been used in traditional medicine for adrenal fatigue and to combat low cortisol states; however, the specific mechanism was elucidated more recently through biochemical research.

While there is scientific plausibility and some clinical evidence for its use in supporting adrenal function, the effect is not without risk; excessive intake can result in hypertension, edema, and electrolyte imbalance due to its mineralocorticoid-like effects. Clinical applications are therefore limited and should be monitored. Overall, scientific evidence supports its physiological impact on the adrenal system, but therapeutic use should be approached with caution.

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