Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Vitamin C (ascorbate) has a notable connection with adrenal gland function, primarily based on its physiological role in adrenal tissue and steroidogenesis. The adrenal glands contain one of the highest concentrations of vitamin C in the body, and ascorbate is involved in the synthesis of adrenal corticosteroids (such as cortisol) via its role as a cofactor for several enzymatic reactions. Animal studies, especially in guinea pigs and rats, have shown that vitamin C levels in the adrenal glands decrease after exposure to stress, suggesting a use of ascorbate during adrenal activity. Some older human studies and case reports suggest that high-dose vitamin C might blunt rises in cortisol in response to stress, but robust, large-scale clinical trials in humans are lacking.

Despite its biochemical role, there is limited clinical evidence supporting vitamin C supplementation specifically for improving adrenal function or treating so-called "adrenal fatigue" in humans. Most evidence is either preclinical, observational, or limited to small trials with mixed results. The popularity of vitamin C for "adrenal support" in integrative and naturopathic medicine is therefore based on a combination of its physiological presence in the glands, its role in stress response, and tradition, rather than strong clinical validation. Thus, while there is a plausible scientific rationale, direct evidence for benefit is modest, justifying a rating of 2.

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