Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), especially in topical form, is used with some scientific support to help reduce the appearance of age spots (also known as solar lentigines or liver spots). Age spots are caused primarily by cumulative sun exposure, leading to an increase in melanin production in localized skin areas. Vitamin C is well-known for its antioxidant properties as well as its ability to inhibit tyrosinase, an enzyme required for melanin synthesis. By inhibiting this enzyme, Vitamin C can help lighten hyperpigmented lesions and promote a more even skin tone.

Several clinical studies and reviews support the use of topical Vitamin C for hyperpigmentation disorders, including age spots. For example, a 2017 review in the journal Dermatologic Surgery summarized evidence showing that Vitamin C serums can result in modest but measurable improvement in skin pigmentation and radiance. However, Vitamin C is often used in combination with other skin lightening agents (such as niacinamide or hydroquinone) for enhanced efficacy, and its effects alone may be mild to moderate. Oral supplementation of Vitamin C has little evidence for benefit against age spots.

In summary, the use of topical Vitamin C for age spots is scientifically supported, especially for mild cases, though it is not the single most potent treatment and is best used as part of a broader skincare regimen.