Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Catalase is an antioxidant enzyme responsible for breaking down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, thereby protecting cells from oxidative damage. The rationale for its use in aging (prevention) is based on the oxidative stress theory of aging, which posits that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) over time leads to cellular and tissue damage, contributing to the aging process.

In vitro and animal studies provide some support: Overexpression of catalase in mice, particularly when targeted to mitochondria, has been shown to increase lifespan and reduce age-related pathologies in some models. For example, Schriner et al. (2005) demonstrated that mice with mitochondria-targeted catalase (mCAT) lived longer and exhibited fewer signs of age-related decline. This suggests that enhancing catalase activity can mitigate oxidative stress and its contribution to aging at least in animal models.

However, direct evidence in humans is lacking. There are no well-conducted clinical trials in humans showing that catalase supplementation or enhancement directly delays aging or extends lifespan. Furthermore, the ability of oral catalase supplements to reach target tissues and exert physiological effects is questionable due to degradation in the digestive tract.

In summary, while there is preclinical scientific evidence supporting the role of catalase in reducing oxidative stress and age-related decline in animals, robust clinical evidence in humans is absent. Thus, the evidence rating is moderate (2/5), and its use for aging prevention in humans remains speculative.

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