Evidence supporting the use of: Oligosaccharide
For the health condition: Allergies (respiratory)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Oligosaccharides, particularly prebiotic types such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and galactooligosaccharides (GOS), have been studied for their effects on allergy, especially respiratory allergies like allergic rhinitis and asthma. The scientific rationale for their use is primarily based on their ability to modulate the gut microbiota, which in turn can influence immune system development and function. Some clinical studies and animal models have shown that early life supplementation with specific oligosaccharides can reduce the risk or severity of allergic symptoms by promoting a healthier balance of gut bacteria, increasing regulatory T cells, and shifting immune responses away from a Th2-dominant (allergy-prone) profile. However, while there is a plausible mechanism and some supportive data, the evidence is still emerging and not uniformly strong. Meta-analyses of clinical trials in infants suggest modest reductions in the risk of developing allergic diseases, but results in adults and for established respiratory allergies are inconsistent. The effect size is generally small, and not all studies show benefit. Guidelines do not currently recommend oligosaccharides as a primary therapy for respiratory allergies, but they may be considered as part of an overall strategy to support immune health, especially in early life. In summary, there is some scientific basis for their use, but the overall quality and quantity of evidence is moderate at best.

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