Chinese peony (Paeonia lactiflora) has a long history of use in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the treatment of gynecological conditions, including amenorrhea (the absence of menstruation). In TCM, Chinese peony is commonly used as part of herbal formulas, most notably Shao Yao Gan Cao Tang (Peony and Licorice Decoction) and Si Wu Tang, to nourish the blood, regulate menstruation, and alleviate blood stasis—key concepts within the traditional framework thought to underlie amenorrhea. The root of Chinese peony is believed to have properties that “invigorate blood” and “regulate menses.” Historical texts and modern TCM practice guides frequently cite its use for delayed or absent menstruation, especially when associated with symptoms such as abdominal pain or weakness.

Scientific studies on Chinese peony’s effect on amenorrhea are limited and primarily come from small clinical trials or animal studies, often in the context of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-related amenorrhea. Some research suggests that compounds in peony may modulate hormonal balance, particularly affecting luteinizing hormone and prolactin levels, which could have relevance for menstrual regulation. However, high-quality, large-scale randomized controlled trials are lacking, and most evidence in support of its use remains rooted in traditional rather than scientific validation.