Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin B1 (thiamine monohydrate)
For the health condition: Anorexia

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Synopsis: Vitamin B1 (thiamine monohydrate) is used in clinical settings to support patients with anorexia nervosa, primarily due to concerns about thiamine deficiency. Thiamine is an essential nutrient involved in carbohydrate metabolism and neural function. Prolonged malnutrition, which is common in anorexia nervosa, leads to depletion of thiamine stores. This can increase the risk of developing Wernicke’s encephalopathy, a potentially life-threatening neurological disorder most famously associated with alcoholism, but also well-documented in cases of severe malnutrition including anorexia nervosa. Guidelines from organizations such as the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the American Psychiatric Association recommend thiamine supplementation in malnourished individuals who are at risk of refeeding syndrome, which includes many patients with anorexia. The scientific evidence for thiamine's use in anorexia is primarily preventive—to avoid deficiency and its serious neurological consequences—rather than as a direct treatment for the psychological or behavioral aspects of anorexia. While the risk of thiamine deficiency in anorexia is established and supplementation is standard care during nutritional rehabilitation, there is limited evidence that thiamine supplementation improves core anorexia symptoms. Therefore, scientific support exists for its use in deficiency prevention and management, but not as a primary therapy for anorexia itself.

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