Alstonia scholaris, commonly known as the blackboard tree or devil tree, has a long history of use in traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine. Its bark and other parts have been traditionally employed to manage various infections, fevers, and respiratory ailments, which hints at its use as an alternative or adjunct to antibiotics in folk medicine. The rationale for this use is rooted in its perceived antimicrobial, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties as documented in ethnobotanical literature. However, while in vitro studies have demonstrated some antibacterial and antifungal activity of Alstonia scholaris extracts, these findings are preliminary and mostly limited to laboratory settings; robust clinical evidence in humans is lacking. No major clinical trials or systematic reviews have confirmed its efficacy as a direct substitute for antibiotics in treating bacterial infections. Therefore, while its use is justified by tradition, and there is some laboratory evidence to suggest antimicrobial activity, the level of scientific evidence supporting its use as an antibiotic alternative remains low and largely unvalidated in clinical practice.