Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Myrtle (Myrtus communis) has a long history of use in traditional medicine, particularly in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern regions, often employed for its purported antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. In recent years, some scientific studies have investigated the antibacterial and antifungal effects of myrtle extracts and essential oils. In vitro research demonstrates that myrtle essential oil and certain extracts possess activity against a range of bacteria and fungi, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida species. The main active constituents, such as myrtenyl acetate, 1,8-cineole, and alpha-pinene, are believed to contribute to these effects.

However, most evidence remains preclinical—laboratory-based studies and animal models—rather than robust human clinical trials. Systematic reviews highlight the potential of myrtle as an adjunct or alternative to conventional antibiotics, particularly in the context of rising antimicrobial resistance, but emphasize that clinical data are lacking. There are no large, high-quality randomized controlled trials confirming its efficacy or safety in humans for treating infections. Thus, while scientific investigation supports the antimicrobial potential of myrtle, current evidence does not justify its routine use as an alternative to antibiotics in clinical practice.

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