Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Polyphenols are a broad class of naturally occurring compounds found in plants, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and tannins. Over recent decades, scientific research has investigated their antimicrobial properties, leading to interest in their use as alternatives or adjuncts to antibiotics. In vitro studies have demonstrated that certain polyphenols can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Helicobacter pylori. These compounds can disrupt bacterial cell walls, interfere with quorum sensing, or inhibit bacterial enzymes. Some animal studies suggest potential efficacy in reducing bacterial burden or enhancing the effects of antibiotics. However, human clinical trials are limited, with most evidence coming from laboratory studies or animal models. There are few, if any, large-scale, well-controlled clinical trials that confirm polyphenols alone can replace antibiotics in treating bacterial infections. As such, while there is a scientific basis for exploring polyphenols as potential antibiotic alternatives, the current body of evidence does not support their widespread use as replacements for conventional antibiotics. Their main role is being investigated as adjuncts to therapy or as preventive agents rather than as primary treatments for bacterial infections.

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