Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Tulbaghia, commonly known as wild garlic or society garlic, has a long history of traditional use in southern Africa, particularly among Zulu and Xhosa communities. Traditionally, it has been used for ailments believed to be caused by infections, such as coughs, colds, respiratory infections, and wounds. The plant, especially the bulbs, has been used as a folk remedy where access to conventional antibiotics is limited. Ethnobotanical records and field studies confirm its role in traditional medicine as an alternative to antibiotics, primarily due to its strong odor, which is reminiscent of garlic (Allium sativum), itself known for antimicrobial properties.

Scientific studies have identified several sulfur-containing compounds in Tulbaghia species that exhibit antimicrobial activity in vitro against some bacteria and fungi. However, the majority of this evidence is preliminary and based on laboratory studies, not on clinical trials in humans. The evidence rating is therefore modest, as there is a lack of rigorous scientific validation of its efficacy as a true alternative to antibiotics. Nevertheless, the traditional use is well documented, and the in vitro data provide some rationale for its historical application against infections.

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