Evidence supporting the use of: Lactobacillus mixed)
For the health condition: Antibiotics (side effects of)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Lactobacillus species mixtures are commonly used to support gut health during or after antibiotic therapy, primarily to prevent or reduce the severity of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), including cases caused by Clostridioides difficile infection. Multiple randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have demonstrated that certain probiotics, particularly those containing Lactobacillus strains (such as L. rhamnosus GG and L. acidophilus), can significantly decrease the risk of developing AAD in both children and adults. The proposed mechanism is the restoration of normal gut microbiota disrupted by antibiotics, outcompeting pathogenic bacteria, and modulating the immune response.

Guidelines from organizations such as the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA, 2020) recommend the use of specific probiotic strains, including Lactobacillus mixtures, for the prevention of AAD in certain populations. However, not all Lactobacillus strains are equally effective, and efficacy depends on the specific strains and formulations used. The evidence is strongest for preventing diarrhea rather than treating established side effects once they occur. While side effects such as bloating or gas may still occur with probiotic use, the overall risk-benefit profile is favorable for preventing antibiotic-associated disturbances of the gut flora.

In summary, the use of Lactobacillus mixtures to support or treat the side effects of antibiotics, especially diarrhea, is supported by scientific evidence, with a moderate to high level of confidence (4/5) based on systematic reviews and clinical guidelines.

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