Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Amino acids, particularly those that serve as precursors to neurotransmitters, have been investigated for their potential role in supporting or treating anxiety. Of special interest are L-tryptophan and L-theanine, and to a lesser extent, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and L-tyrosine. L-tryptophan is a precursor to serotonin, a neurotransmitter associated with mood regulation, while L-theanine is believed to promote relaxation and reduce stress by modulating neurotransmitter activity in the brain. Some small clinical trials and animal studies suggest that supplementation with these amino acids may have mild anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) effects. For example, L-theanine has been shown to reduce subjective stress and anxiety in healthy individuals in some randomized controlled studies. However, the overall quality of clinical evidence is mixed and generally limited by small sample sizes, short durations, and methodological limitations.

While amino acids have plausible biological mechanisms and some supportive preclinical and clinical evidence, they are not considered first-line treatments for anxiety disorders by major medical guidelines. Their use is more often as adjuncts or for mild symptoms, rather than as stand-alone therapies. Further large-scale, well-designed studies are needed to clarify their efficacy and safety profile. Thus, while there is a scientific basis for their use, the evidence is currently modest (rated 2 out of 5).

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