Evidence supporting the use of: Omega-3
For the health condition: Anxiety Disorders

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), have been investigated for their potential role in supporting or treating anxiety disorders. The scientific rationale is based on their anti-inflammatory properties and their importance in brain function and neurotransmitter regulation. Some small randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have suggested a modest benefit of omega-3 supplementation in reducing symptoms of anxiety, especially in individuals with clinical anxiety disorders or high baseline anxiety. For example, a 2018 meta-analysis published in JAMA Network Open analyzed 19 clinical trials and found a small but statistically significant reduction in anxiety symptoms among participants receiving omega-3 supplementation compared to placebo. However, results across studies are inconsistent, with some trials reporting no significant effect. There is currently no consensus on the optimal dose or formulation (EPA:DHA ratio), and the overall effect size tends to be small. Major clinical guidelines do not recommend omega-3s as a primary treatment for anxiety disorders, but they are sometimes discussed as adjunctive options, particularly given their good safety profile. In summary, while there is some scientific evidence supporting the use of omega-3s for anxiety, the strength of this evidence is limited and more high-quality research is needed to clarify their efficacy and mechanisms of action.

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