Pterostilbene is a natural compound structurally similar to resveratrol, found primarily in blueberries and the heartwood of the Indian Kino tree. Its interest for arterial and cardiovascular health stems from preclinical and limited human studies suggesting potential benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-lowering effects. Animal studies have demonstrated that pterostilbene supplementation can reduce oxidative stress, inhibit vascular inflammation, and improve endothelial function, which are mechanisms relevant to arterial health. Additionally, some small-scale human trials have shown modest improvements in blood lipid profiles, such as lowering LDL cholesterol and raising HDL cholesterol, which are risk factors for arterial disease.

However, robust, large-scale clinical trials in humans directly assessing pterostilbene’s impact on arterial health (e.g., arterial stiffness, plaque formation, or clinical cardiovascular outcomes) are lacking. The evidence so far is preliminary, and the majority comes from studies in animals or in vitro cell models. The compound is sometimes marketed in dietary supplements for cardiovascular or arterial support based on these early findings and its similarity to resveratrol, which has somewhat broader research support. In summary, while there is some scientific rationale and emerging evidence for pterostilbene’s potential to support arterial health, the quality and quantity of human clinical data is currently limited, justifying a low to moderate evidence rating.