Evidence supporting the use of: Monounsaturated fat
For the health condition: Arteriosclerosis

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Monounsaturated fats (MUFAs), found in foods such as olive oil, avocados, and certain nuts, are scientifically validated to support cardiovascular health, including the prevention and management of arteriosclerosis (also known as atherosclerosis). Multiple large-scale epidemiological studies and randomized controlled trials have shown that diets rich in monounsaturated fats, such as the Mediterranean diet, are associated with reduced risk of arteriosclerosis and related cardiovascular events. MUFAs have been shown to help lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol—often termed "bad" cholesterol—while maintaining or even increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which is protective against arterial plaque buildup.

The mechanism by which MUFAs benefit arterial health includes reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, improving endothelial function, and positively modifying lipid profiles. For example, the landmark PREDIMED study demonstrated that individuals at high cardiovascular risk who consumed extra-virgin olive oil (high in monounsaturated fat) had significantly fewer major cardiovascular events compared to those on a low-fat diet. While MUFAs are not a standalone "treatment" for established arteriosclerosis, they are widely recommended in clinical guidelines for cardiovascular risk reduction and prevention of arterial plaque progression. Overall, the evidence base for MUFA's benefit in this context is strong, though optimal outcomes are achieved as part of broader dietary and lifestyle changes.

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