Evidence supporting the use of: Polyunsaturated fat
For the health condition: Arteriosclerosis

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs), particularly omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, are scientifically validated for their role in supporting cardiovascular health and potentially reducing the risk and progression of arteriosclerosis (also known as atherosclerosis). Multiple epidemiological and interventional studies have demonstrated that replacing saturated fats with polyunsaturated fats in the diet can lower total and LDL cholesterol levels—key risk factors in the development of arterial plaque buildup. Notable clinical trials, such as the Oslo Diet-Heart Study and the Finnish Mental Hospital Study, have shown that diets high in PUFAs are associated with reduced incidence of coronary heart disease events.

Mechanistically, omega-3 fatty acids (found in fish oils and some plant oils) are known to reduce triglyceride levels, lower blood pressure, inhibit platelet aggregation, and exert anti-inflammatory effects, all of which are beneficial in slowing or preventing arteriosclerotic changes in the arteries. The American Heart Association and similar organizations recommend the inclusion of polyunsaturated fats, particularly omega-3s, as part of a heart-healthy diet based on robust evidence from randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses.

However, while the evidence is strong for PUFAs in reducing cardiovascular risk factors and events, it is important to note that no single nutrient is a cure or exclusive treatment for arteriosclerosis. Rather, PUFAs function as one component of a comprehensive dietary and lifestyle approach to cardiovascular health.

More about polyunsaturated fat
More about Arteriosclerosis

Products containing polyunsaturated fat

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