Puerarin, an isoflavone derived from the root of Pueraria lobata (kudzu), has been investigated for its potential benefits in cardiovascular health, including arteriosclerosis (the thickening and hardening of arterial walls). Several preclinical studies (mainly in animal models or cell cultures) suggest that puerarin may exert anti-arteriosclerotic effects through multiple mechanisms. These include antioxidative properties, inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, improvement of endothelial function, and modulation of lipid metabolism. For example, studies have shown that puerarin can attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation in vascular tissues, both of which are key contributors to the development of arteriosclerosis.

However, while these findings are promising, robust clinical trials in humans are lacking. Most evidence comes from laboratory or animal research, with only a few small-scale human studies suggesting possible cardiovascular benefits. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses note the need for higher-quality, larger human studies to confirm efficacy and safety. Therefore, the scientific evidence supporting the use of puerarin for arteriosclerosis is preliminary (rated 2/5), and it should not be considered a primary or standalone treatment at this time.

In summary, puerarin has some scientific basis for its use in supporting cardiovascular health and potentially reducing arteriosclerosis, but the evidence is not yet strong or conclusive in humans.