Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin K (menaquinone)
For the health condition: Arteriosclerosis
Synopsis
Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2
Vitamin K, specifically the menaquinone forms (Vitamin K2), has gained scientific interest for its potential role in supporting cardiovascular health, including the prevention and treatment of arteriosclerosis (arterial stiffening and calcification). The scientific rationale centers on Vitamin K2’s function as a cofactor for the enzyme gamma-glutamyl carboxylase, which activates matrix Gla-protein (MGP), a potent inhibitor of vascular calcification. Observational studies, such as the Rotterdam Study, have reported that higher dietary intake of Vitamin K2 is associated with reduced risk of coronary artery calcification and cardiovascular mortality. Additionally, small interventional trials have demonstrated that Vitamin K2 supplementation can slow the progression of arterial stiffness in healthy postmenopausal women and individuals with chronic kidney disease.
However, the overall quality of the evidence is limited. Most studies are observational or involve small sample sizes, and there is a lack of large, randomized controlled trials definitively demonstrating that Vitamin K2 supplementation can prevent or reverse arteriosclerosis in the general population. Current clinical guidelines do not recommend Vitamin K supplementation specifically for arteriosclerosis due to insufficient evidence. Thus, while there is a plausible biological mechanism and some supportive data, the scientific validation remains preliminary, and the strength of evidence is rated at 2/5.
More about Vitamin K (menaquinone)
More about Arteriosclerosis
Other ingredients used for Arteriosclerosis
Ajoenealpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
anchovies
anthocyanins
apple
beet
berberine
bilberry
black garlic
black tea
blueberry
canola oil
catechins
chokeberry
coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
turmeric
curcumin
d-alpha tocopherol
EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)
fiber blend (proprietary)
fish oil
flavonols
garlic bulb
ginkgo biloba
ginseng
grape
onion
green tea
hawthorn
hesperetin
hesperidin
magnesium
marine lipid
naringin
nattokinase
niacin (vitamin B3)
olive
omega-3 fatty acids
policosanol
psyllium
quercetin
red yeast rice
resveratrol
rutin
sitostanol
soybean
tocotrienols
vitamin C
vitamin D
vitamin E
jiaogulan
polyphenols
cocoa
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)
soy isoflavones
Alcohol
Aronia melanocarpa
Allicin
anthocyanidins
Alliin
anthocyanosides
Chocolate
Danshen
epicatechin
Fiber
Flavonoids
Flavans
Flavanols
Garlic
Hydroxytyrosol
Inositol nicotinate
Legume protein
Ligustrazin
Lactotripeptides
Monacolin
Monounsaturated Fat
Oleuropein
Oligomeric proanthocyanidins
Puerarin
Polydatin
Proanthocyanidins
Propionyl-L-Carnitine
Polyunsaturated Fat
Phthalides
Pistachio
Salvianolic acid
S-allylcysteine
Sesamin
Tyrosol
Taxifolin
walnut
Xantinol Nicotinate
Other health conditions supported by Vitamin K (menaquinone)
ArteriosclerosisBleeding (external)
Bleeding (internal)
Broken Bones
Calcium Deficiency
Cancer (prevention)
Cardiovascular Disease
Diabetes
Inflammation
Osteoporosis