Evidence supporting the use of: Omega-3
For the health condition: Attention Deficit Disorder

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have been studied for their potential benefits in supporting or treating Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The rationale for their use stems from the role of omega-3s in brain development and function, including modulation of neurotransmission and inflammation. Some studies have found that children and adults with ADHD may have lower blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids compared to controls.

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses have yielded mixed results. A 2016 meta-analysis published in Neuropsychopharmacology found a small but significant benefit of omega-3 supplementation (especially EPA) on ADHD symptoms, with an effect size of 0.3. However, these effects are modest compared to standard stimulant medications, and not all studies have shown benefit. Guidelines from professional organizations, such as the American Academy of Pediatrics, do not endorse omega-3s as first-line therapy but note that supplementation may be considered as adjunctive treatment, particularly in individuals with dietary deficiencies or those who cannot tolerate standard medications.

Overall, while there is some scientific evidence supporting the use of omega-3s for ADD/ADHD, the benefit is generally small and not universal. More research is needed to identify which subgroups may benefit most and to optimize dosing strategies.

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