Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Sulforaphane glucosinolate (SGS), a compound found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, has attracted interest as a potential adjunctive treatment for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The scientific rationale stems from several biological mechanisms: sulforaphane is known to activate the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, reduce oxidative stress, modulate inflammation, and potentially improve mitochondrial function—all of which have been implicated in the pathophysiology of ASD.

The most notable scientific evidence comes from a small, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial published in 2014 (Singh et al., PNAS). In this study, 44 young men with moderate to severe ASD were given either sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract or placebo for 18 weeks. The treatment group showed statistically significant improvement in behavior, social interaction, and verbal communication compared to placebo. However, the study was limited by its small sample size and relatively short duration. Follow-up studies and replications have been limited, and the overall body of evidence remains preliminary.

There is little to no tradition of using SGS or broccoli extracts specifically for autism; its use is driven by modern scientific hypotheses and early clinical data. Larger, longer-term studies are needed to confirm efficacy and safety, and sulforaphane is not considered a standard treatment for ASD. Therefore, the evidence supporting its use is rated as 2 out of 5, reflecting some promising but early-stage scientific research.

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Thorne Crucera-SGS