New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) extract has been investigated for its potential benefits in inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, particularly due to its content of unique omega-3 fatty acids, glycosaminoglycans, and other bioactive compounds. Some clinical studies and animal research suggest that extracts from green-lipped mussel may exert anti-inflammatory effects, which is relevant because many autoimmune disorders involve chronic inflammation. Small human trials have shown benefits in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, both of which have inflammatory and, in the case of rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune components.

However, the breadth and quality of evidence specifically targeting autoimmune disorders are limited. Most studies are small, short-term, and often focus on symptom relief (such as joint pain and stiffness) rather than disease modification or immune modulation. There is some mechanistic evidence suggesting inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1, but direct evidence in classic autoimmune diseases (e.g., lupus, multiple sclerosis) is lacking. Systematic reviews conclude that while green-lipped mussel may be helpful as an adjunct for joint symptoms in some patients, robust evidence for wider autoimmune disease treatment is insufficient at this time.

In summary, green-lipped mussel is used based on some scientific evidence for anti-inflammatory benefit, mostly in arthritis, but evidence for broader autoimmune disorder use is weak and not firmly established.