Nettle (Urtica dioica), particularly the root extract, has been traditionally used in Europe for urinary problems, including symptoms associated with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH). In recent decades, there has been growing scientific interest in its use for BPH. Several randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials have investigated nettle root, often in combination with other herbs like saw palmetto, for its potential to alleviate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) related to BPH. These studies generally report modest improvements in symptom scores and urinary flow compared to placebo. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews (e.g., those published in journals such as Phytomedicine and Cochrane Database) suggest that nettle root may provide clinically relevant relief of BPH symptoms, though the magnitude of effect is usually less than that of conventional pharmaceuticals such as alpha-blockers or 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors.

The proposed mechanisms of action include inhibition of sex hormone-binding globulin, modulation of inflammatory pathways, and mild inhibition of 5-alpha-reductase. Despite promising results, most studies are relatively small, of short duration, and sometimes lack rigorous standardization of extracts. Therefore, while scientific evidence exists to support the use of nettle root for BPH, it is considered moderate in strength (score: 3/5), and larger, high-quality trials are needed to further clarify its efficacy and safety profile.