Pumpkin seed oil (Cucurbita pepo) has been traditionally used in some cultures to support prostate health, but there is also emerging scientific evidence regarding its potential benefit in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Several small-scale clinical studies have examined the effect of pumpkin seed oil on urinary symptoms associated with BPH. For example, a randomized, double-blind study published in Urology (2009) found that men with BPH who consumed pumpkin seed oil experienced a significant improvement in International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS) compared to placebo. Another study, published in Nutrition Research and Practice (2014), reported that a combination of pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil improved symptoms of BPH in Korean men.

The proposed mechanisms include inhibition of 5-alpha reductase (the enzyme that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, DHT, a hormone that contributes to prostate growth), anti-inflammatory effects, and improvement of bladder function. However, the number of participants in these studies has generally been small, and study durations have been short. Meta-analyses and large-scale trials are lacking. Overall, the evidence base is limited and of modest quality, so while there is scientific interest and some early clinical support, pumpkin seed oil cannot be considered an established therapy for BPH. It may offer mild symptomatic relief for some men, but should not replace conventional treatments where indicated.