Phyllanthus is a large genus of plants used in various traditional medicine systems, particularly in Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine, and folk medicines across Asia and South America. The most commonly referenced species for urinary and bladder health is Phyllanthus niruri, also known as "stonebreaker." The use of Phyllanthus to support the bladder and urinary system is primarily based on traditional claims that it promotes diuresis (increased urine flow), alleviates urinary tract discomfort, and helps dissolve or prevent kidney and bladder stones. In Ayurveda, Phyllanthus preparations are administered for conditions such as dysuria, urinary tract infections, and calculi.

Some in vitro and animal studies suggest that Phyllanthus species may have mild antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and diuretic properties, which could theoretically support bladder health. However, high-quality human clinical trials specifically examining the effect of Phyllanthus on bladder health or urinary tract infections are limited. Most published research has focused on the liver-protective effects of Phyllanthus species, especially in hepatitis B, rather than direct benefits for the bladder.

Although there are some preliminary pharmacological indications, the use of Phyllanthus for bladder support remains largely grounded in traditional use rather than robust scientific validation. Thus, the evidence supports a traditional basis with moderate preliminary scientific support but lacks strong clinical confirmation.