Evidence supporting the use of: Lactobacillus (unspecified)
For the health condition: Bladder Infection

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lactobacillus species are widely studied probiotics that have been investigated for their role in supporting urinary tract health, including the prevention of bladder infections (urinary tract infections, UTIs). The rationale comes from their ability to colonize the vaginal and periurethral mucosa, creating an acidic environment and producing substances (e.g., lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocins) that inhibit uropathogen growth, particularly Escherichia coli. Several clinical studies and reviews suggest that certain strains of Lactobacillus (notably L. rhamnosus GR-1 and L. reuteri RC-14) may reduce the recurrence of UTIs in women, especially when taken orally or administered vaginally. However, the evidence is mixed overall: some studies show a modest reduction in UTI recurrence, while others find minimal or no benefit compared to placebo.

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses generally conclude that while there is a biological rationale and some promising data, the quality of evidence is moderate and limited by small sample sizes, heterogeneity in strains, and varying study designs. The American Urological Association and other professional bodies recognize probiotics as a possible adjunct for UTI prevention but do not strongly recommend them due to inconsistent findings. Importantly, not all Lactobacillus strains are equally effective, and evidence is strongest for specific strains, not unspecified Lactobacillus. In summary, while there is some scientific basis for the use of Lactobacillus in bladder infection prevention, the overall support is limited and not definitive.

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