Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum annuum) has a long history of traditional use for controlling external bleeding. Folk medicine practitioners have applied cayenne powder directly to wounds to purportedly stop bleeding and promote clot formation. This traditional use is based on anecdotal evidence and the observed effects in community and herbalist settings rather than on rigorous scientific studies.

The mechanism attributed to cayenne’s action is the stimulation of local tissue, which is thought to increase blood flow and accelerate the clotting process. Capsaicin, the active compound in cayenne, is known to cause vasodilation and a warming sensation, and in some traditional accounts, this is believed to help "equalize" blood pressure and promote clotting. However, it should be noted that these mechanisms are largely speculative in the context of wound care.

Although there are scattered case reports and herbal texts documenting the use of cayenne for external bleeding, there is a lack of well-designed clinical trials or laboratory research to confirm its effectiveness or to fully understand potential risks (such as irritation or allergic reactions). Therefore, while the use of cayenne for external bleeding is supported by tradition (hence the rating of 2), there is insufficient scientific evidence to recommend it as a first-line or reliable treatment in modern clinical practice.

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