Peptides are short chains of amino acids and have gained popularity in bodybuilding for their potential roles in promoting muscle growth, enhancing recovery, and aiding fat loss. The most commonly discussed peptides in this context are growth hormone-releasing peptides (GHRPs), such as GHRP-6 and Ipamorelin, and peptides like BPC-157 and TB-500 for recovery. The scientific basis for their use largely revolves around their ability to stimulate the release of growth hormone or support tissue repair. Several small human and animal studies have shown that some peptides can increase circulating growth hormone levels, which is associated with increased muscle mass and improved recovery. However, robust, long-term clinical trials in healthy athletes or bodybuilders are limited, and much of the evidence comes from animal studies or off-label medical use. Additionally, some peptides used in bodybuilding are not approved for human use and may carry safety risks or unknown side effects. While there is a plausible biological rationale and some experimental support for the use of certain peptides in muscle growth and repair, the overall level of evidence is moderate and more high-quality, peer-reviewed research is needed to establish efficacy and safety. Nonetheless, their use is more scientifically than traditionally justified, as these compounds are relatively recent in the context of performance enhancement.