Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is supported by scientific evidence as an important nutrient for brain health, though most research focuses on its general role in brain maintenance rather than as a treatment for specific neurological conditions. Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant, protecting brain cells from oxidative stress, which is implicated in aging and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. The brain contains high concentrations of vitamin C, especially in regions involved in cognition, suggesting its physiological importance.

Experimental and observational studies have shown that vitamin C deficiency can impair cognitive function, while adequate levels are associated with better mental performance. Some small clinical studies have linked higher vitamin C status with improved cognitive function in elderly populations, although results are mixed and causality is not established. Preclinical research also shows that vitamin C is involved in neurotransmitter synthesis (such as dopamine and norepinephrine), and in modulating neuronal signaling and neuroprotection.

However, there is no compelling evidence that supplementation above the recommended daily allowance improves brain function in healthy individuals. Large-scale, high-quality clinical trials are lacking. Therefore, while there is a plausible biological rationale and some supporting evidence, the overall strength of evidence for vitamin C supplementation to support the brain is moderate.

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